Kubla Cubed User Manual


Paving, Turf and Sod

Paving refers to a layer of hard material that constitutes the surface of a built environment, such as a road, pavement, or driveway. In this chapter, we use the term more broadly to discuss the layers completed in the final phases of a project, building up to finished level. This can include materials such as turf (sod), asphalt, tiles, woodchip, or any other material. The bulk earthworks, as discussed in earlier chapters, will result in topography defined to the Formation/Subgrade Level with cavities where paving will be laid.

Estimating paving is commonly done by measuring the area and then calculating the the volume using a simple formula: Area x Paving Thickness. While this method is often sufficient, it is also possible to model the paving build up in Kubla Cubed by modeling the paving elevations and calculating the volumes.